TY - JOUR
T1 - The end effector of circadian heart rate variation
T2 - The sinoatrial node pacemaker cell
AU - Yaniv, Yael
AU - Lakatta, Edward G.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 by the The Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - Cardiovascular function is regulated by the rhythmicity of circadian, infradian and ultradian clocks. Specific time scales of different cell types drive their functions: circadian gene regulation at hours scale, activation-inactivation cycles of ion channels at millisecond scales, the heart's beating rate at hundreds of millisecond scales, and low frequency autonomic signaling at cycles of tens of seconds. Heart rate and rhythm are modulated by a hierarchical clock system: autonomic signaling from the brain releases neurotransmitters from the vagus and sympathetic nerves to the heart's pacemaker cells and activate receptors on the cell. These receptors activating ultradian clock functions embedded within pacemaker cells include sarcoplasmic reticulum rhythmic spontaneous Ca2+ cycling, rhythmic ion channel current activation and inactivation, and rhythmic oscillatory mitochondria ATP production. Here we summarize the evidence that intrinsic pacemaker cell mechanisms are the end effector of the hierarchical brain-heart circadian clock system.
AB - Cardiovascular function is regulated by the rhythmicity of circadian, infradian and ultradian clocks. Specific time scales of different cell types drive their functions: circadian gene regulation at hours scale, activation-inactivation cycles of ion channels at millisecond scales, the heart's beating rate at hundreds of millisecond scales, and low frequency autonomic signaling at cycles of tens of seconds. Heart rate and rhythm are modulated by a hierarchical clock system: autonomic signaling from the brain releases neurotransmitters from the vagus and sympathetic nerves to the heart's pacemaker cells and activate receptors on the cell. These receptors activating ultradian clock functions embedded within pacemaker cells include sarcoplasmic reticulum rhythmic spontaneous Ca2+ cycling, rhythmic ion channel current activation and inactivation, and rhythmic oscillatory mitochondria ATP production. Here we summarize the evidence that intrinsic pacemaker cell mechanisms are the end effector of the hierarchical brain-heart circadian clock system.
KW - Cardiac denervation
KW - Coupled-clock pacemaker system
KW - Fractal-like behavior
KW - Heart rate variability
KW - Ultradian rhythm of the heart rate
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84952314012&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.5483/BMBRep.2015.48.12.061
DO - 10.5483/BMBRep.2015.48.12.061
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AN - SCOPUS:84952314012
SN - 1976-6696
VL - 48
SP - 677
EP - 684
JO - BMB Reports
JF - BMB Reports
IS - 12
ER -